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As the need for clean energy increases, the solar power as a high-power load leveling is evidently more common than the wave and wind power. When considering installing the solar power system, there comes the question of the best battery to use for solar power. What is your answer? Let’s check the common battery types first. Flooded Lead Acid Battery As one of the most common used battery types for off-grid setups, flooded lead acid batteries are wet cell batteries, in need of upright placement and well-ventilated environment to prevent leaking.Pros: Inexpensive upfront cost, safe, and reliableCons: Rather large, prone to suffer from corrosion, regular maintenance, and monitoring AGM (Sealed Lead Acid) BatteryAGM is short for Absorbent Glass Matt, which is also a kind of lead acid battery with electrolytes absorbed into a glass matt instead.Pros: Lightweight, lower internal resistance than flood lead batteries, extreme temperature resistance, long static charge durations, and non-hazardousCons: Expensive Gel BatteriesCompared with the other battery types, Gel Battery is not a preferable choice because this is made up of fumed silica making the cells sturdier. Pros: No leaking when damaged, durable, excellent life cycles, shock resistance, vibration resistance, extreme temperature resistanceCons：Narrow charging profiles, prone to damage when charged improperly, high price with medium amp-hour capacity. Lithium-Ion BatteriesAlthough lithium-ion or LiFePO4 battery is up to 4 times as expensive as the other batteries for solar system, it has superior performance for the price. Check the performance comparisons of different battery chemistries below for more details.Pros: high capacity, long life cycles, small cell packages, lightweight design, safe and stable, nearly no maintenanceCons: High price, safety vents are required to prevent uncontrolled explosion in case of short circuit or abuseSince the greater the battery capacity, the more energy it can hold, lithium lifepo4 battery is a better choice for users who want to get the household off-grid or power as many home appliances as possible. In addition, the charge and discharge of the lithium solar battery is very efficient so that the power generated from the solar panels is optimized, retain power for longer periods of time. If you are looking for the best value for your money when invest in the solar battery, then lithium-ion solar battery is your ideal choice.

Before sizing a lithium battery for solar system, it is better to figure out the amp-hour needs first. It is a decisive factor to choose the right size of the inverter and capacity of the lithium solar battery. After calculating the daily energy use, you also need to decide the energy goal that how many days you need the battery to last as the backup power. Let’s check how to do the calculation together. Inverter sizeThe inverter size is decided by the peak load of a household, and you can calculate by adding up all the wattage of various appliances that run altogether. That is to say, the inverter size must be bigger than the total wattage of all the appliances. For example, if the PC runs for 4 hours a day and the wattage is 400 watts, and you have three lights rated at 50 watts to be on for five hours, then the total daily energy use will be 400+50X3=550 watts. As a result, the inverter size is at least 550 watts. Daily energy useTo sum up the daily energy use, you need to calculate how long each appliance or device run in a day, and multiple the wattage by the time. Considering the efficiency loses, the real value will be the calculation result multiplying by 1.5. Take the same example above, the ideal daily energy use is 400X4+50X3X5=2,350 watt-hours, and the real daily energy use is 2,350X1.5=3,525 watt-hours. Energy goalConsidering the size of your home appliances and how long you want the backup energy to last, it can be several hours to a few days. Suppose the goal is two days, and the appliances are the computer and three lights.  Battery capacityAs for the calculation of power lithium battery, it is supposed to calculate lithium battery for inverter especially when the voltage is decided by the output of the solar panels in your home solar system.  Take the daily energy use and multiply it by the energy goal which is two days, and this can be 50% depth of discharge on your lithium battery for solar system, so as to maintain the battery for longer cycle life. The battery energy should be 3.525kWhX2X2=14.1kWh, and it is divided by the voltage of the solar system so as to convert it to amp hours. If you choose 48V, then the minimum AH capacity is 14100/48=293.75Ah. To figure out how many batteries you need and the size for each one, you can divide the Ah result by the battery rating.

There are two kinds of electric current for the solar photovoltaic system. DC is short for the direct current, meaning the electric current flows in the same direction. The acronym AC stands for alternating current, which means the electric current changes the direction forward and backward quickly in a wave-like pattern.Most traditional solar panels produce DC energy, which is then converted to AC power by the inverter. However, there are solar panels producing AC power. This kind of solar panels integrate microinverters in the panels while the DC solar system connects the solar panels with the string inverter and microinverters. Since AC power is easy to transmit over long distance, the electric grid and the supply power companies provide for householders are AC, and this is why most domestic and kitchen appliances also require AC power to operate.No matter it is the DC or AC solar panel, the power source is unregulated and inverters are required to turn it into usable AC energy. As for the new AC solar panel, a single inverter is applicable so that DC lithium battery power storage can be transferred to AC electricity.  On the other hand, the traditional solar panels produce the DC power because the sun facilitates the flow of electrons in the same direction. Likewise, lithium batteries for solar panels produce direct current. As a result, the inverters for both the solar panels and the lithium li ion battery are applied to the solar photovoltaic system. AC-coupled and DC-coupled energy storage systems are optional, and inverters are necessary for both the solar panels and the lithium li ion battery.All in all, solar power is DC, and inverters are essential to turn the unregulated power to appliance-friendly AC electricity.

For many people, different types of battery can be confusing especially when it comes to similar names of lithium battery, lithium-ion battery, Li-ion battery, lithium iron phosphate battery and so on. Let’s take a closer look at the similarities and differences of these batteries.To start with, lithium iron phosphate battery which is also called LiFePO4 battery or LFP battery is a type of lithium-ion battery. As for lithium-ion battery and Li-ion battery, they are the same thing with different names. The quick answer to the question is a simple no. Lithium and lithium ion batteries are not the same. What is the difference exactly? The time being commercially availableThe lithium battery was commercially available in the early 1970s, when the lithium metal was not stable in the charging process. Debuted in 1991, the lithium-ion battery replaces the existing heavier and less efficient rechargeable batteries.  Battery cellsThe types of cells used by the lithium and lithium-ion batteries are different, and the former is the primary cell while the latter is secondary cell. That is to say, lithium is used in the metallic form for the lithium battery. This is why the lithium-ion battery is rechargeable and the degrading process can be later after being recharged many times. Lithium battery can not be easily or safely recharged, which result in the invention of the lithium-ion battery. Shelf lifeShelf life refers to the time the battery can be stored on the shelf safe and sound before being charged, and this is usually connected with the battery quality since it is one of the factors influencing its shelf time. The shelf life of the lithium battery can be four times longer than the lithium-ion battery, which can be up to twelve years versus three years. Single-use V.S. cyclingToo long and don’t want to read? Then to be short, the main difference is that the lithium battery is for single-use and non-rechargeable, while lithium-ion batteries are rechargeable.