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Solar plus storage is increasingly getting more popularity in domestic application. It is reported that a combination of residential solar, storage and smart controls could greatly reduce evening peak grid usage at homes in Britain. This has released by the UK’s Solar Trade Association (STA), which cooperates with academic institution Loughborough University and analytics and research consultancy Advanced Further Energy.The report looks at the benefits to the grid and consumers of four generations of smart homes, scaled up across a 4.4 million home portfolio, which it said was consistent with the level of deployment that could be needed by 2035 to achieve net zero.In particular, the report looked at peak shaving and how this could be of benefit to the grid. It found that the number of homes modelled could provide enough rapid flexible power to flatten spikes in demand, with homes also able to more than halve carbon emissions and energy bills.The majority of its key findings centered around 'Generation 3' homes, which it defined as those with solar PV, battery storage and intelligent controls. Conversely, 'Generation 1' are those with solar only, 'Generation 2' solar and storage and 'Generation 4' those with energy efficiency measures, electrified heating and electric vehicles (EVs) installed alongside the previously mentioned technologies.It found that 'Generation 3' homes could reduce their peak time consumption by 97% annually, with 4.4 million of these homes able to completely "eliminate" the evening peak on a typical winter’s day regardless of whether a 6kWh, 10kWh or 20kWh battery is used by the household. This consistently enables around 3GW of peak shaving at the times of highest grid stress, the report said.Source: Solar Power Portal. 

The cost of battery is a vital concern when selecting the right battery for the applications or projects. So, what are the factors behind taken on the lithium-ion battery's price? Generally, the cost of lithium-ion battery lies in the battery cell, PCM or PCB ( Protection Circuit Module or Board), and casing. Meanwhile, in view of the differing power consumption of electric devices and current, the choice of material used between Li-ion battery cells such as nickel sheets, the connectors, and different Pack assembling processes will affect the cost of batteries.Today, we will elaborate the three main factors leading to the difference in Li-ion battery's price.1. The Selection of Battery Cell1.1 Different materialsFirst is the chemistries of battery cells. There are multiple choices of cathode materials within the Li-ion battery. The cathode materials which have been used to achieve battery performance include Cobalt-based lithium-ion (LCO), Lithium iron phosphate (LFP), lithium manganate (LiMn2O4), ternary materials such as Nickel Cobalt Aluminum (NCA) and Nickel Cobalt Manganate (NCM or NMC), Lithium titanate, etc. Because of the different materials used in the battery cells, the performance of voltage, safety factors, cycle life, energy density and working temperature will change as well, and finally affect the cost of Li-ion battery.1.2 Different Brand Battery CellThe price of battery cells varies relating to the brand. For instance, special batteries including low-temperature batteries, high temperature batteries, high C-rate batteries and shaped batteries, created by different manufacturers, will affect the cost of batteries because of the different techniques between manufacturers. Some battery cells from small manufacturers may have a cheaper price at the expense of battery performance. Although the price of batteries from big brands such as Korean battery company LG, Chinese company BYD, UFO, etc may be higher, they ensure good and safe battery performance.2. The Selection of PCM in Lithium-ion BatteryThe selection of PCM for lithium-ion battery is another factor that influences the entire battery price. Lithium-ion batteries could cause battery failure or even catch fires under improper operation, therefore, PCM is necessary for Li-ion batteries to avoid safety hazards. There are three main parts of the PCM design: basic battery protection, communication, and battery management system. Let's explain further below.2.1 Basic battery protectionIn order to control the battery performance, each lithium-ion battery has a basic protection that protects the cells from high/low voltages, currents during charging and discharging. In line with the customers' request, some other protection like over temperature protection could be added to the battery, which will increase the price of the entire Li-ion battery pack.2.2 Communication When battery monitoring and control are needed, there is always a communication network. For this, each cell comprises a communication interface for data transmission. Communication protocols can be divided into I2C, RS485, RS232, CANBUS, HDQ, SMBUS, etc. There is also a simple battery LED indicator which indicates the charger meter.2.3 BMSBMS refers to the Battery Management System, which mainly provides intelligent management and maintenance of each battery cell. Through monitoring the battery status, detailed data are offered for the user so as to help them prevent the battery form over charge and over discharge and gain a longer service life of Li-ion battery by proper use. The key functions of BMS include real-time monitoring of the battery's parameters, battery status estimation, online diagnosis and early warning, control of charging, discharging, and pre-charging, balanced management and thermal management. The more complicated the BMS, the higher the price of battery pack.3.The Selection of Li-ion Battery CasesLithium-ion battery cells can be encased in diverse casing, including PVC heat shrink, plastic, and metal. The option of battery's casing and design generally depends on the specific requirement of battery-powered devices. Therefore, the cost of battery pack varies with different material of casing. What are the differences between these materials?3.1 PVC heat shrinkPVC heat shrink is commonly used for small lithium-ion battery packs which less number of battery cells connecting in series or parallel with an light overall weight ≤2kg. However, for those battery packs weighing more than 1kg, a fixed bracket between the battery cells, and fiberglass sheet around its periphery are both needed before PVC heat shrink.3.2 PlasticAfter the battery cells finish assembling in different shapes, the price of plastic enclosure will be affected on the basis of the complexity of enclosure design. For example, if the enclosure is in irregular shape, the mould cost will eventually put up price of the battery pack. Besides, the demands on the enclosure material and technique, especially those batteries requiring three proofing properties are what cause the price variance.3.3 MetalMetal enclosure has a good performance in heat dissipation than plastic enclosure, making them get a higher price in the market. Similarly, the cost largely relies on the request of metal casing. The waterproof metal enclosure or some special metal enclosures such as a titanium enclosure will be sold for a higher price while the common metal battery pack could be cheaper.Due to the technical complexity of the product, the procurement amount and other requirements, the lithium battery prices are changed greatly. When choosing UFO POWER as your cooperative partner, a particular battery proposal will be provided by our experienced engineer to meet your requirement of device, saving your time cost of finding a supplier and enjoying the fun from full power batteries.

Lithium-ion battery has widely used in today’s battery-powered devices, although lithium-ion battery provides long-lasting power for the devices, safety problem is still what people concern. Scientists have struggled in the development of advanced lithium batteries that could charge faster and reduce safety failure.In recent research, researchers at Texas A&M University have developed a promising material that can be used in lithium batteries-- Carbon nanotubes. By incorporating these materials for the battery’s conductive plate, named the anode, the batteries not only enable the safe storage of a large quantity of lithium ions and lower the safety risk, but also has a potential faster charging time. The research is published in the March issue of the journal Nano Letters."We have designed the next generation of anodes for lithium batteries that are efficient at producing large and sustained currents needed to quickly charge devices." "Also, this new architecture prevents lithium from accumulating outside the anode, which over time can cause unintended contact between the contents of the battery's two compartments, which is one of the major causes of device explosions."-- Juran Noh, a material sciences graduate student in Dr. Choongho Yu's laboratory in the J. Mike Walker '66 Department of Mechanical Engineering.The property of the anode, which houses lithium ions within the battery, plays an important role in the battery's properties. A commonly used anode material is graphite. In these anodes, lithium ions are inserted between layers of graphite. However, Noh said this design limits the amount of lithium ions that can be stored within the anode and even requires more energy to pull the ions out of the graphite during charging.When lithium ions do not evenly deposit on the anode, they will build up on the surface of the anode, called dendrites which is tree-like structures. As they grow, they will eventually pierce the material separating the two compartments of battery, and result in the short circuit or catch fire. Also, they will affect the battery’s performance by hindering the generation of current.To solve the problem of dendrite formation,the Texas A&M team has designed anodes using lightweight and highly conductive carbon nanotubes.  "When the binding molecular groups are abundant, lithium metal clusters made from lithium ions end up just clogging the pores on the scaffolds, but when we had just the right amount of these binding molecules, we could 'unzip' the carbon nanotube scaffolds at just certain places, allowing lithium ions to come through and bind on to the entire surface of the scaffolds rather than accumulate on the outer surface of the anode and form dendrites."-- Juran Noh, study authorIt took some experimentation, but the carbon nanotube anodes with an optimum quantity of the binding molecules prevented the formation of dendrites. In addition, a vast quantity of lithium ions could bind and spread along the scaffold's surface, thereby boosting the battery's ability to produce large, sustained currents. Noh said that their top-performing anodes handle currents five times more than commercially-available lithium batteries.  "Building lithium metal anodes that are safe and have long lifetimes has been a scientific challenge for many decades," said Noh. "The anodes we have developed overcome these hurdles and are an important, initial step toward commercial applications of lithium metal batteries."Source: Texas A&M